On-the-job training, also known as OJT, is a hands-on method of teaching the skills, knowledge, and competencies needed for employees to perform a specific job within the workplace. Employees learn in an environment where they will need to practice the knowledge and skills obtained during their training.
On-the-job training uses the existing workplace tools, machines, documents, equipment, and knowledge to teach an employee how to effectively do their job. Consequently, no stand-ins exist that will require an employee to make the training transfer to the workplace.
Training takes place within the employee's normal job environment and may occur as he or she performs their actual work. Or it may happen elsewhere within the workplace using dedicated training rooms, workstations, or equipment.
What needs to be carefully accommodated is how does the OJT to be incorporated into the overall training flow and what are the subsequent flows once OJT is embedded into the training flow. The diagram flow below helps to illustrate how an effective OJT process shall be considered.
Figure 1: OJT Process Flow
A coworker frequently conducts on-the-job training if he or she can competently perform the job being taught. But interpersonal skills, company policies and requirements, leadership training, and more are also topics that human resources staff, managers, or coworkers can teach on the job or in the workplace.
An external provider occasionally performs OJT in the case of specialized equipment or systems. For example, a vendor might train employees in a marketing system that they're adopting as part of their work procedures.
A vendor might also educate the members of an HR team on the capabilities of a human resources information system). The HR team then trains the rest of the employees to use the new system. This approach allows the trainers to reinforce their training as the employees apply the skills learned in training.
Another frequent use of a vendor for OJT consists of onsite training for one or more employees, who are then expected to train all the other employees who perform a similar job. This is a common OJT model in activities that involve Hi-Lo driving, such as operating a forklift; computer software adoption; and the appropriate operation of any new equipment.
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